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L. MAUCLAIRE. ELECTRICAL ARCING DE-VICE ron LIGHTING AND mranauPnouAPPUCAHON man ARR. 22. ms. 1,323,304. 2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

t J 4 L L u. R I, P 13 Mofor Patented Dec. 2, 1919.

L. MAUCLAIRE.

ELECTRICAL ARCING DEVICE FOR' LIGHTING AND INTERRUPT ION.

APPLICATION FILED man. I916.

1,323,304. Patented Dec. 2,1919.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Fly-4 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LOUIS MAUCLAIB-E, OF PARIS, FRANCE.

ELECTRICAL ABCENG DEVICE FOR LIGHTING AND INTEBBUP'I'ION.

Specification 0! Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 2, 1919.

Application filed April 22, ms. Scrlal No. 98,020.

ing Devices for Lighting and Interruption,

of which the following is a specification.

This invention has or its subject an arc lamp wherein the are whichpasses between the two electrodes is a rotary arc of constant length,because one of the electrodes is a disk having a central opening, at thecenter of which is dis osed the rod of carbon which constitutes t eother electrode. Various advantages result from the rotation of the arewhich passes between the two'elec trodes: deposits of carbon cannot format any one point of the central circle of the disk electrode because thearc does not stop at any one point but always continues to turn. As thearc does not stop it can be said that its illuminating action extendsuniformly over the whole of the circular area of the openin formed inthe disk electrode. The point 0 incandescence of the end of the carbonrod is not always at'the same place, as the arc is not localized, andthe consequence of this is that the bri htness of the crater at theextremity of t e carbon electrode is kept constant so rendering thelight which is emitted absolutcl constant and regular. -The central elece which is usually formed of a rod of carbon although it may be of othersuitable conducting material, is moved forward progressively inproportion as it is used up, while the other electrode which is a diskof material that is a good conductor of electricitypreferably of metalsuch as copper is relatively fixed. The end of the electrode formed ofthe carbon rod is normally maintained at the center of the centralopenin of the disk electrode. It is onl durin t 0, starting of the arethat the car on to is displace out of its central position and isbrought into contact with some point around the circular o enin of themetallic electrode in order to c ose t e circuit: when the arc has beenformed the central carbon electrode is drawn back from the point ofcontact with the metallic electrode, and then it takes its place at thecenter of the circular electrode where it remains so that the luminouspoint of the arc is always kept constantly centered at the same place.The electric are which passes between the annular metallic the centralsection and a front elevation part] I is to be understoo disk and thecentral rod of carbon will turn so to say about the central point solelyon account of the fact that the end of the carbon is 'at'the center ofthe metallic electrode: but special means are provided ashereinufter'set forth in order to insure the rotation of the electricare around the end of rod,ijand to accentuate this rotatlon.

.The circular disk electrode is hollow and water or other cooling fluidis caused to circulate through it in older to prevent this electrodefrom -attaining a high temperature.

Tbe'lamp may be regulated b hand, the carbon electrode being advance inpro rtion as it is used up: as an alternative met iibd a regulator maybe disposed at the back of the apparatus in order toefl'cct-automatically the advancement of the central carbon electrode asit is used u In the accompanying awings: Figure 1 is a longitudinalsection of the rotary arc lamp having a constantly centered luminouspoint and embodying this invention.

' Fig. 2 is a front elevation from the side of the electrodes.

Fig. 3 is a side elevation.

Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 1' illustrating the central rod ofcarbon or positive electrode in an operative position.

Fi 5 is a transverse section on the line M M of Fig. 1 and Figs. 6 and'i are respectively a diametric broken away of the circular disk clectroe which constitutes the negative electrode.

Fig. 8 is a view in cross-section of the non-combustible electrode witha sinuous eferring now to the drawings which illustrate by way ofexample one practical construction accordin to the invention, but itthat the invention is not limited to the precise construction ashereinafter set forth. In this construction the disk electrode A, whichmay be of metal such as copper or of other good electrical conductinmaterial, carbon and so forth, consists 0 an annular chamber, a thefront wall of which-maybe pressed forward slightly toward its innercircumference while the rear wall is pressed forward to a much greaterextent so as to meet the front wall at an acute angle.

disk electrode A is therefore conical in form expanding from the annularridge at the front toward the rear in this case. i The disk electrode,is inserted and held within a ringshaped casing B being clamped withinthe same against a shoulder by means of an internal nut C and withwashers m, n, of lead, rubber or other suitable material at each side ofthe disk electrode A where it is clamped in place. The iinternal nut Cis screwed up by means of a key en agingin notches a, at its end orinternally t erein, or in anyloth'er suitable way. The ring-shapedmemberB surrounding the disk electrode A is hollow and formed withpassage ways for admitting the coolin liquid and allowing it to'flow-out. The ho 0w space in the ringm'embenB communicates with theinterior a olE- the, disk electrode Aaround the circumfererice' thereof,the disk electrode A having thiiif lwalls, between which at its outercircu'mference isinserted a rin j of reinforcing material perforatedradially with holes k which open on the one side into the interior ofthe disk electrode A and on the other side into the hollow space of itssu porting ring member B (see Figs. 6 and 7 The ring member Bsurrounding the disk electrode A has a number of. projecting pieces orblocks 6 around-the bac thereof, by means of which it is secured to asupport or base D at the rear, for example by screws passing through aflange in the base Dand into the projecting blocks 6 on the ring member.Insulating distance pieces or washers 0 may be interposed between theprojecting pieces I) of the ringmember B and the base. These projectionsinsure that there is a large open space between the ring member and thebase through which the air can circulate.

The upper and lower projections or blocks 1) on the ring member B aremade hollow and communicate with the hollow interior of the said memberin order to provide for the circulation of the cooling liquid. Thisliquid, for example, may enter through a socket or nipple d in the upperprojection,

flowing through the passage e into the interior of the ring member B,circulating through the annular hollow space a of the disk electrode Aand flowing out through the passage f in the lower projection or blockat the back of the ring member. It

flows out through a joint member g of insulating material into a hollowspace It in the base D or back portion of the lamp, flowing out of thesame ultimately through a socket or nipple i at the top. Pipes may beconnected in any suitable way to the inflow and outflow nipples (i and ifor maintaining the circulation of the liquid.

The positive electrode E of carbon or the like, is in the form of a rodheld in a sleeve F rigidly attached to or forming part of a pressedinward movingl milled head G adapted to be manipulated by hand. A screw21 passin into the milled head G'may secureit to t e sleeve F. The frontend 0 of the sleeve F is expanded in the form of a collar which may beslightly coned so that when drawn back it will fit in a correspondinglyconed guiding tube ;0 projecting inward into an aperture at the centerof the-hollow base D of the lamp, and secured to or forming part of adisk which is engaged against the back of the iase D. A spring R arraned between an internal flange r at the bac of'the uiding tube ;0 or itssupporting disk and t e frontof the milled head G on the cove Ftends todraw back the sleeve F causing its slightly conical collar 0 to centeritself in the correspondingly slightly coned guiding tube p. The

backward movement of the sleeve F is limited by means of an annularprojection or collar-s on it of less diameter than the interior of theguiding tube, and which comes against the flange r at the back of thetube p in the limiting position.

The carbon electrode E is carried forward when the milled head G ispushed forward for lighting the lamp, in consequence of'tlie pressureexerted on the carbon rod by two little balls 6 working in grooves orslots in the milled head G and in the tube F therein, and pressedinwardly by means of sprin s 'u held by screws 11 inserted from theoutsi e. The rear end of the carbon rod E is pressed forward'through thesleeve F and between the spring-pressed balls I in order to feed oradvance it in the sleeve F asitsend is used up in the burning of thelamp, but otherwise the friction due to the halls t is sufficient toprevent the carbon rod E from being displaced in its supporting sleeve.

In starting the lamp the milled head G is forward the sleeve F and theelectrode E eldtherein: the collarp on the end of the sleeve passes outof the guiding tube 11 andout of the openinat the center of the base Dof the lamp, a as the sleeve F is then no longer guided it cants towardone side or another,

the carbon rod'E into contact with the inner circumference of the diskelectrode A at one pointthereof. The electric circuit is thus closed,the current flowing through a lead a: secured to'the base D of 'the-lamthrough the sleeve F and the carbon rod the disk electrode A with whichthe rod E is momenthus bringing A v the current "in the surrounding coilpasses between the end of the rod E and the inner edge of the diskelectrode A the latter forming the negative terminal.

' It has been expl ined in the introduction to this specification thatthe electric are which has been formed will turn around thepoint or endof the carbon electrode E being maintained between this and the inneredge of the disk electrode A, This turning of the electric are aroundthe central .point must not be a inatter of any uncertainty however, onthe contrary 'it must be absolutely insured. A continuous and constant'rotation of the electric arc-is desired, and in order to insure thisthei'ing member B is.

wound with a coil H comp ing several turns of large-section wire.;'Fliis coil H- is fed by the same current which is supflied the throu hthe terminals to the are an coil may be in series with the are. If thelamp is to work with a current of 15 ampers it may be suflicient for thecoil H to have 7 and 8 turns of wire of large cross-section. The numberof turns may be variedhowever aceordingto the desired rapidityof-rotation of the, arc.

As has, been stated already, the eoil H member.

which is disposed around the ring concentrically with the disk electrodeA and with the central carbon electrode E has the eflect of insuring therotation of the electric arc in one direction.- If the direction of flowof the current through the coil reversed,the direction of rotation ofthe arc is reversed also. Means may be provided for cha 'ng over theconnections of the termin iils of the coil for this pu An alternative oradditional method of insuring the rotation of the arc is to cause thecentral electrode E to turn by mechanical means, as indicated in Fig. 3by pulley: P, belt Q, [pulle R, and motor T;as for instance by anelectric motor or by an other motor, by a spring or otherwise. e twomethods of causing relative rotat on of the arc maybe combined, and forexaiiiple the central electrode E may be turned mechanically in onedirection, while the electric are scribing witnesses.

is caused to turn in the reverse direction by the action of a magneticfield develo Tho electric arc may thus be given a movement in relationto the central electrode E which has such an electrode.

"thegight but only the variations of the cur- Involrder'to cool the-diskelectrode water 'mayfbe used or any other suitable 1i uid, particiflarlypetroleum which is a g insulato'ri; which wets very efi'ectively thesurfaei copper, thus giv' the-this metal. Ins of using such a liquid-jdiowever, air or other gas under premurainay .be employed forcoolingpurposes. :-.1 v

a The inner edge of the disk electrode ma have a wa or sinuous contour,whic would have e effect of an enting the action hereinbefore describerfFig. 8' shows Claims excellent 0011- v '1. An are lighting devicecomprising an annular DOIbOOIIlbllStlblfl electrode and a secondcombustible electrode within-"the space of said annular .electrode, a' nct coil ad'a ted to producea magnetic orce for rota the are between saidelectrodes, and mechanical means for producing mtation of an electrode.a

2. An arc lighti device comprising an annular noncombustible electrodeand a secondcombustible electrode within the space of said annularelectrode, and' means for supporting'said second electrode said supportcomprising a tapered holder and ,a tapered socket piece within whichsaid tared holder is adapted to fit, said holder ing displaceablelongitudinally in the socket piece thereby permitting tilting of saidelectrode on its axis to approach the annular electrode and strike thearc.

In -whereof, I have hereunto signed my namein-the presence of 'two sub-Cms. Inseam, REM BU I'DY.

